| Boiling-point elevation | a colligative property of a solution equal to the boiling point of the solution minus the boiling point of the pure solvent |
| Colligative properties | properties that depend on the concentration of solute molecules or ions in a solution but not on the chemical identity of the solute |
| Freezing-point depression | a colligative property of a solution equal to the freezing point of the pure solvent minus the freezing point of the solution |
| Molality | the moles of solute per kilogram of solvent |
| Molarity (M) | the moles of solute dissolved in one liter (cubic decimeter) of solution |
| Mole (mol) | the quantity of a given substance that contains as many molecules or formula units as the number of atoms in exactly 12 g of carbon- 12. The amount of substance containing Avogadro's number of molecules or formula units |
| Mole fraction | the moles of a component substance divided by the total moles of solution |
| Saturated solution | a solution that is in equilibrium with respect to a given dissolved substance |
| Solute | in the case of a solution of a gas or solid dissolved in a liquid, the gas or solid; in other cases, the component in smaller amount |
| Solution | a mixture that is uniform in its properties throughout given samples |
| Solvent | in a solution of a gas or solid in a liquid, the liquid; in other cases, the component in greater amount |
| Supersaturated solution | a solution that contains more dissolved substance than does a saturated solution; the solution is not in equilibrium with the pure substance |
| Unsaturated solution | a solution that is not in equilibrium with respect to a given dissolved substance and in which more of the substance can dissolve |