| Dipole moment | a quantitative measure of the degree of charge separation in a molecule |
| Electronegativity | a measure of the ability of an atom in a molecule to draw bondin- electrons to itself |
| Molecular geometry | the general shape of a molecule determined by the relative positions of the atomic nuclei |
| Pi bond | a bond that has an electron distribution above and below the bond axis |
| Polar covalent bond | a covalent bond in which the bonding electrons spend more time near one atom than near the other |
| Sigma bond | a bond that has a cylindrical shape about the bond axis |
| Valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR) model | a model for predicting the shapes of molecules and ions in which valence-shell electron pairs are arranged about each atom so that electron pairs are kept as far away from one another as possible, thus minimizing electron-pair repulsions |